Oil-treating apparatus



July 27 1926.

J. W. LEWIS OIL TREATING APPARATUS Filed July 3. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet w FIZ,

July 27 1926.

1,593,905 J. w. LEwls OIL TREATING APPARATUS Filed July 6, 1922 2 Sheets-5h68?. 2

a? 26' zu o 94 'L 3.5i@ *V1 g E gf 26 I s f 5 D1 Patented July 27, 1926.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOBEPH W. LEWIS. F PHIIiADEL-PHIA. PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THE ATLANTIC m6 GMPANY, 0F ?HILADELPKIIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

OIL-TREATING APPARATUS.

My invention relates to apparatus for treating oil, and more particularly to aparatus for destriictively distilling or crac ing petroleum, petroleum distillate or pe- 6 troleum residuum, under pressure., for the production of lower boiling point oils, as gasolene, etc.

In accordance with my invention, valve structure is provided for preventing passage or escape of oil or oil vapors from one portion of a ressure still system to another portion which has sull'ered breakage or rupture resulting in the escape of oil or vapors to the atmos here or other region of lower l5 pressure; an there are provided means for positively operating;r the valve structure. iis v a power-operated motive device, preferabl remotely controlled.

liyurther in accordance with my invention, valve structure is provided to close communication between a tubular or other structure in which the oil is subjected to high temperature and a reservoir or still, and there is provided a by-pass for allowing escape from the tubular or other struct-ure to the reservoir or still of the oil or vapors retained or entrapped in the tubular or other structure.

My invention resides in apsaratiis o f the character hereinafter describe and claimed.

For im illustration of one of the various forms m invention ma;r take, reference is to beha to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view, sc me parts in elevation, of structure embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the heat absorbin struciiture.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary p an o f valve controlled lower circulating connection between the heat absorbing structure and the reservoir or still.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of valve controlled upper circulating connection between the heat absorbing` structure and the still or reservoir.

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of a portion of the circulating connection and the 60 tay-pass.

In the drawings, there is shown, by Way of example, a pressure still of the character disclosed in my prior Letters Patent No. 1,344,443.

Referring to the drawings, S is a vertical cylindrical still or reservoir provided willi the manholes 1, 1 near its bottom and top. The oil to be treated or cracked is pumped into the still S through the ipe 2. controlled by "alve 3. and the resi uum` t-ar or untreated oil is withdrawn through thc pipe 4 controlled by val-,ve 5.

Vithin the hi'irkwork structure 6 are disposed the upper and lower horizontal drums D und D', connected. respectively` by pipes 7 and 8. with the interior of the still S at ditl'erent levels or heights for ensuring eireiilation of the oil which is charged into :ind contained in the still S to n height considerably above the entrance of the pipi` 7 into the still S.

The. drums D. D1 nre interconnected b v the numerous substantially vertical metal tubes or pipes T.

The chamber containing the drums D, Dl and their connect-mp1r tubes T communicates through the opening 0 with the combustion chamber or fire box l0, in which is disposed the grate il. to which fuel is delivered from the chiite 12l through the hopper or Stoker 13. the ashes falling into the pit 14 and delivered therefrom to ash-removing cars 15.

Battles 16. Fig. 2, in the chamber containing).r the tubes T, serve to direct the hot rases from the combustion chamber 10 between and around the upper arts of the tubes T and the drum D and t ence downwardly in contact with the lower ortions of the tubes T and the drum D1 an thence into the flue passages 17, 17, Fig. 2, which commiinciate with a stack or chimney. not shown.

The drums D, Dl are provided with the manlieads 18 and 19 to admit cleaners into the drums for removing carhonaceous and other deposits therefrom.

At the upper end of the still S is connectod the vapor outlet pipe 20 delivering into the nir-cooled condenser C which in turn delivers the vapors to a water-cooled condenser, not shown. The heavier oil vapors are condensed in the condenser C and returned to the still S through the i'unback connections 21.

In operation, the oil within the tubes T To minimize the amount of oil and vapors is subjected to a cracking temperature, the so escaping end burnuig, the valves 23 and oil continuously circulatinmfrom the bot- 37 are simultaneously operated bymoving tom of the still S through pipe 8 to the the control vulve 31 to such position that drum D, thence u wsrdly through the air or other fluid under pressure is de- 70 tubes T to the drum l), thence through the, livered from the plipe 34 through the valve ipes 7 to the still S. suitable pressure, as 31 to and tlircu the pipes 9, the duid m 50 to 200 pounds per square inch or pressure i0 the pistons 27 and 41 more, being exerted upon the oil in the to the op site ends of the cylinders 28 en d still S, drums D, D1 and tubes T, and 42, therey'moymg the valves I igainst their 75 throughout such part ofthe condensing sys- Seats end closing communication between tem s my be gntble or desirable. the heat absorbing structure and the still As indicated in Fig. 3, there is rovided 0r reservoir S. To move the valves 23 and in the ipe connection 8 between t e lower 41 t0 their normal. 0r operi positions, the drum 51 and the still S a valve structure valve 31 is' moved'm opposite direction to B0 22 hnv' he valve member 23 dpted to place the pipes 3l) into communication with enggeue nl se 24 md there); close the pipe 24,. with the result that lluid under mmuntion between the drum g1 and pressure is introduced into the cylinders 28 the still S. The valve member 23 is secured 9nd 12 at -their opposite ends, thereby movu n a valve rod 25, which is a continuation 111g 31 'lStOllS 1H OPPOSI? dlrtlon and 55 oixlhe piston rod 26 attached to the piston moving t e valves from their seats- When 27 movsble longitudinally within4 the cylthe 11)@ 99 1S 1" cmlllumctw with the inder 28, with opposite ends of which conuPP l' P1Pe 34, the l2! 30 are brought nect the pi es 29 and 30 for delivering to into 'communication wit the exhaust pipe opposite sigas of the pistcn 27 uid under 35 with the valve 3l; und vice versa, when 90 Pimm, as liquid, 0r Steam or preferably tl'le Vttlve lll IS lll m01) t0 QODDBC the sir, for actuating the piston 27 to move the gilles 30 With the PIPQ 34 the P lPeS 29 '1re Ive 23 to or from its at 24, rought into c ominunirationiwith the ex- The and 30 communil'llllSt pipe 35; 111 GRSES' the 0n IE este with or are continuations of the pipes 10W rassure sides 0f the Plslums 27 Ind 41 o 29 and 30 gf Fig 4, when hose pipes comis al owed to escape or exhaust. municste with the four-way valve 31 con- The Wives 23 37 l the exffmpl 11- nected by pipe 82, controlled by valve 38, lustmtd and dscnbdi am not blasfl t0- with the pl 34, communicating with the ward e|ther their closed or open positions, source of lllilid pressure, se, for exam le, but are ,Rltllely 0 Nld t0 closed BD d 10 with a. reservoir of compressed sir. ith Open POSIUOUS, uw CY "1de," g8 42 11d thli the valve 81 communicstesalso the exhaust Pistons 27 `und 41 constituting motors or pi 35, motive devices, which are power-operated gemeen the pipe 7 and the still S, i for actuating or driving the valves 4, there intsrvenes a valve structure B, While the paths of travel of the valves m5 similar to valve structure 22, comprising 23 and 37 are horizontal, it will be underthe valve member 37 adapted to engage stood that their Egths may be inclined or the valve seat 38 to close communication bevertical, as may suitable or desirable. tween the drum D and the still S. The B v preference, though not necessari) the valve member 87 is secured upon the valve valves 23 and 37 ere operated indepen entl U0 rod 39 connected to the piston rod 40, upon of the influences of gravity and of the oil which is secured the piston 41 movable pressure. longitudinally in the cy inder 42, to oppo- The control valve 31 may be located at site ends of which connect the aforesaid any suitable point, and is preferably situe piges 29 and 30- ated remote from the still structure or that 11 uring normal operation of the pressure part thereof the ellects of a. rupture of or in still the valve members 23 and 37 are raised which are controllable by the valves. from their seats 24 and 88, allowing the Should the valves 23 and 37 be insforesaid circulation from the still or rosen advertently closed or indavertently remain voir S to the heat absorbing structure D, closed, continued hestin of the heat eb- 20 T, D1, back to the reservoir or still S, the sorption structure wo d cause damage oil vapors produced passing od' through the thereto by excessive pressure developed vapor line 20 to the condensin structure C. therein, causing rupture of one or more of In cese of rupture of a tube or either of the tubes T or drums D, D, since circulathe drums D, D, with the resultant escape tion is prevented and the drums D, Dl and of oil under pressure into the atmosphere or their connecting tubes T then form e closed hot the escaping oil or vapors ignite structure with no outlet for oil or vepors. s nd um, and such combustion will con- To guard against such inschance, or an tinue by How of oil under pressure from the other effects due to closure of the valves 23 still or reservoir S to the point of rupture. und 37. whether or not any of the heet ii.bl 130 i,see,aos

sorption structure has beenI ruptured, I provide the hy-pass line or pi 43, preferably having the exdpansion ben 43', connecting at its one en with the pipe 'i' and at its other end at 44 with a point or region be yonil the valve 37 and in free communication with the still S, tinued application of beat to e heat absorption structure, oil or oil va ors may gaas through the pipe 48 to the still thereby relieving the pressure upon the heat absorption structure and preventin dama e thereto, and allowing esca. e o? oil w iich, if retained within e heat absorption structure would cause deposit-ion of great amounts oi carbon or carbonaeeous material, with resultant elevation in tem rature of the tubes T, and possibly also t e drums D, D', causi them o burn out or become vseriously de rnied. In order that oil or oil va y escape to the. still S from the eat absorption structure, and yet prevent llow of oil 'from the still or reservoir S into the heat abso tion structure through the pige 43, there is preferably provided the chec valve :15, of any suitable t the example illustrated, the ch valve comprises a casi within which is disposed a ball or similar member 46 adapted to enga. and so prevent passage of oil from the pipe 43 into the pipe 7, the ball 46, however,

a lowing passage of oil fors from the heat absorgton structure hrough `the pipe 43 in the irection of the arrow, Fi 5.

Prefera ly, the lay-pass 43 is of relatively small cross on as compared with the circulating line 7, for ordinarily, with auch smaller cross section, the pipe 48 is capable of allowin escape at suitable rate of or vapors rom the, beat absorption structure to the still S.

gositioned i Spec ge the seat 47 While the valves 28 and 87 are adjacent the drum Dl and still tively, it will be understood the valves ma be located either adjacent the drum or the still S, or at any suitable point between them.

`at I claim is:

1. The combination with pressure still structure comprising an oil containing chamber, heat absorption structure, circulating connections between them, and means maintaining super-ritmos heric pressure within them, of valves for c osing said circulating connections, a power-operated motive device for actuating each of said valves, a connection from a source of power to said motive devices. and a controller intervening between said source of power and said motive devices for causing simultaneous actuation of said valves to their closed positions.

2. The combination with pressure still structure comprising a vertical still, heat whereby u on con-` .tion between that either of absorption structure comprising a plurality of tubes, connections from the lower and u per ends of said tubes to said still at dillerent levels thereof, and means maintainin su er-atmospheric pressure in said still iin tu of valves in said connections, and means for actuating said vulves to open or closed positions simultaneously.

3. The combination with prsurc still structure comprising a vertical still, heat absorption structure comprising a plurality of tubes, connections from the lower and u r ends of said tubes to said still at diferent levels thereof, and means maintaining su r-atmosphericdpressure in said still and toms, of unbiase valves in said connections, ilnd motive devices for said valves for moving them to open or closed positions simultaneously.

4. 'Ibe combination with separated portions o oil treating apparatus operating under super-atmospheric pressure, of a connection between them passing liquid oil in one direction. a valve in said connection, means for closing said valve, a by-pass around said valve, and a check valve preting dow of liquid through said by-pass direction the reverse of said one direcin a tion.

5. The combination with pressure still structure comprising an oil containing chamber, heat abso tion structure, and a, connection between t ein, of a valve in said eonnection for preventing llow of oil from said chamber to said heat rption structure, and a bypaas around said valve for germitting ow from said heat abaorp 'on to said chamber when said valve is e 6. ya combiniation wlith oh struc recompris n an o' con imng' amber, heat absolt'Btiongstructai-e, and

ein, 'of a valve in said connection for preventing dow of oil from said chamber to said heat absorption structure, a bypass aroundsad valve, and a check valve in said .murs still e coin nation with rassure still "5 structure comprising an oil con in'ng chainber. heat-absorption structure, a connection between them, and means for maintaini super-atmospheric pressure in said chamber and heet-absorption structure, of a valve in said connection, a byaround said valve,

and a cheek valve in said b -pass 8. The combination wit pressure still structure comprisingI an oil-containing x25 :main :'o'eaid chamber and heatfabeorption struc- `connections ybetween said cham r gdevices simultaneously for e ecting move- 'ment of said valves to open or closed position simultaneously and a by-pass around one of said valves. A l0. The combination with premura still strnctnre comprising an oil-containing chamber, heat-absorption structure circulating and sai heat-absorption struct and means super-atmosp ric pressure up,-

ture, of valves in said connectio a. poweroperated motive device for eac Vof said valves, means controlling said motive devices simultaneously for electin movement of said valves to open or closedunfosition simultaneously, a by-pa aro one of said ing for

valves, and a check valve in said by-pass reventlng ow from said chamber to said eatabsorption structure.

11. The combination with pressure still structure com an oil-containing chamber, heat-a rptlon structure, circulatconnections between said heat-absorption structure and .said chamber at dierent levels' thereof, and means for maintaining super-atmospheric pressure on said chamber and heababsorption structure, of valves in said connections', and a by-pass around the valve in the connection with the higher level m said chamber.

L12. The' combination with pressure` still structure com r an oil-containing chamber, heat-a on structure, cineulatf ingv connections be een said heat-absorption structure and said chamber at different levels thereof, and means for maintaining super-atmospheric pressure-on said chamber and heat-absorption structure, of valveem said connections, a b aes around the-valve in the-connectionwi the higher level in said chamber, and a checkvalve insaid byass. p In testimony whereof I have hereunto xgd my signature this 30th .day of June',

JOSEPH W. LEWIS.

than said circulating connection formin a by-pass around said valve, and a check va ve in said by-pass preventing flow from said chamber to said heat-absorption structure.

9. The combination with pressure still structure com rising an `oil-containing chamber, heat-a sorption structure, circulating connections between said chamber and said heat-absorption structure, and means for maintaining super-atmos heric pressure upon said chamber and eat-absorption structure, of valves in said connections, a power-operated motive device for eachl of said valves, means controllin said motive Adevices simultaneously for e ecting move- 'ment of said valves to open or closed position simultaneously and a by-pass around one of said valves.

10. The combination with pressure still structure comprising an oil-containing chamber, heat-absorption structure circulatin Vconnections between said chamber and sai heat-absorption structure, and means for maintaining super-atmospheric pressure upon said chamber and heat-absorption structure, of valves in said connections, a poweroperated motive device for each of said valves, means controlling said motive devices simultaneously for e'ectin movement of said valves to open or close osition simultaneously, a by-pass aroun one of said valves, and a check valve in said by-pass preventing flow from said chamber to said eat-absorption structure.

11. The combination with pressure still structure com risin an oil-containing chamber, heat-a rption structure, circulat- 'ing connections between said heat-absorption structure and ,said chamber at diilerent levels thereof, and means for maintaining super-atmospheric pressure on said chamber and heat-absorption structure, of valves in said connections, and a by-pass around the valve in the connection with the higher level in said chamber. 7'12. The' combination with pressure still structure com ri an oil-containing chamber, heat-a orption structure, circulating connections between said heat-absorption structure and said chamber at diierent levels thereof, and -means for maintaining super-atmospheric pressure on said chamber and heat-absorption structure, of valves in said connections, a byass around the valve in the connection w1 the higher level in said chamber, and a. checkvalve insaid bypass.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature this 30th .day of June, 1922. i

JOSEPH W. LEWIS.

Certilcate of Correction.

It `is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,593,905, granted July 27, 1926, upon the application of Joseph W. Lewis, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Oil-Treating Apparatus, errors appear in the printed specification'requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 40, after the word plan insert the word fvze'w, and line 54, for the number 1,344,443 read 1,364,443; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same ma conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

gigned and sealed this 28th day of September, A. 13.1926.

[Baan] M. J. MOORE, Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby Certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,593,905, granied Jul)Y 2T, 1926, upon the application of Joseph \V. Lewis, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Oil-TreatingV Apparatus," errors appear in the printed specifation'requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 40, after the word plan insert the Word view, and line 54, for the number 1,344,443 read 1,364,443; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that-the same mag conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Office.

igned and sealed this 28th day of September, A. D. 1926.

[SEAL] M. J. MOORE,

Asti/ng Uommssioner of Patents. 

